2015年教资统考|英语词法句法基本知识(三)
基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns)
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:
1)主 + 动(SV)例如:
I work.
We study hard.
2)主 + 动 + 表(SVP)例如:
John is busy. 约翰忙。
状态系动词 be
持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand,
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
表像系动词seem, appear, look,
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
感官系动词feel, smell, sound, taste,
This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。
变化系动词become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run,
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
终止系动词prove, trun out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
3)主 + 动 + 宾,例如:
She studies English. 她学英语。
动词+副词:He thought it over all the night.
He thought over the plan all the night.
动词+介词:He thought about it /the plan all the night.
4)主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾,例如:
My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
5)主 + 动 + 宾 + 补,例如:
Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。
We made him monitor.
比较:We made him a good student.
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