2022考研英语长难句_强调成分在语法中的运用
一、强调谓语:do/did/does + 动词原形
简单来说,就是在一句话中的谓语动词前加上do/did/does来强调这一动作,如:I love you.我爱你。强调之后变成:I do love you.我真的爱你。如果表示过去时态则用did,如果主语是第三人称单数则用does。试题例句:
Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: Science never has all answers. But science does provide us with the best guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.(2005年Text2)
27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as ________.
[A] a protector [B] a judge
[C] a critic [D] a guide
正确答案:D
解答这道题,会发现题干中关键词为science,回到文中就会发现和science有关的句子不在少数,所以无法准确定位。那么此时强调就起到了它的作用。文中的第二句话,出现了do/did/does + 动词原形的现象,即does provide,所以这里是重点内容,自然也就是命题人出题的地方,看本句话则可以成功答题。
二、强调句子其他成分:it is/was + 强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分
这就是我们平时所谓的强调句,应用方法如下。原句:Tom bought a book yesterday.汤姆昨天买了一本书。如果要强调Tom昨天买的是一本书而不是其他东西,用强调句则可以表示为:It was a book that Tom bought yesterday.汤姆昨天买的是一本书。 如果要强调买书的人Tom而不是其他人,则可以表示为:It was Tom who bought a book yesterday.昨天买了一本书的人是汤姆,要注意的是本句话中因为强调的是人,所以用who。
试题例句:
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.(2006年Text2)
27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.
[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately
[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers
[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers
[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater
正确答案:B
本题中解题句为划线句子,作者连用了两个强调表达其重点信息,第一个强调用了do/did/does + 动词原形,即do manage;第二个用了it is …who…。重点是第二个强调,who bring in much of the town’s revenue,说到戏迷(playgoers)给小镇带来了收入,则可以对应上B选项spend more money。
三、其他强调
此外,还有一些单词或短语可以表示强调,如:hence(意为:因此,表示强调结果), above all(最重要的是), in the world(究竟), on earth(究竟)。
试题例句:His project has turned out to be lots of puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.(2001年Text3)
他的计划里还有很多疑惑之处:读者们究竟真正想要的是什么?
这就是在阅读当中常出现的表示“强调”的语法现象总结,大家在平时做阅读时可以多多留意一下,没准就会发现作者想要表达的重点信息,从而成功找到题目的答案!
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